Fallacies

Fallacies

False dilemma fallacy

False dilemma fallacy is a type of logical fallacy where only two alternatives are considered in a situation, when in fact there is a third alternative.

There are several examples of false dilemma fallacies such as the black and white thinking.It is basically when a person labels people as all good or all bad, there are only two sides of the argument.

The false choice is also an example of it. It often reflects a deliberate attempt to eliminate the middle ground on an issue. For example president Bush uses it in a lot of his speeches "Or you are with us or you are with the terrorists".

Argument from ignorance fallacy

Argument form ignorance fallacy is a fallacy in informal logic. It basically means that a preposition is considered true if it has not been proven wrong yet. This represents a type of false dichotomy in that it excludes a third option, which is that there is insufficient investigation and therefore insufficient information to prove the proposition satisfactorily to be either true or false.

An example of this is the homosexuality issue. People believe that people become homosexual due to their genes, however it hasn't been proven right nor wrong. 

Complex question fallacy (to be continued......)